Planting exotic species in the Auckland Domain: A case for harmony with native trees.
The Auckland Domain, one of Auckland’s oldest and largest parks, is a treasure trove of biodiversity and a cherished green space for locals and tourists alike.
As stewards of this natural haven, the Council faces the delicate task of balancing the introduction of exotic species with the preservation of its native flora. While some may fear that planting exotic trees could harm the existing ecosystem, a thoughtful approach can ensure that these new additions complement, rather than threaten, the native trees.
Plans are underway to expand the Domain’s already significant botanical tree collection. The restoration of the Wintergarden buildings in 2023 has allowed for six new trees to be established this year to make up for any minor impact from the works.
The Council’s arborists, in collaboration with ecologists, carefully assessed the ecological impact of each exotic species considered for planting. They have selected trees that are not invasive, do not out-compete native species for resources, and are unlikely to spread uncontrollably.
In the case of the Domain, the six new exotic species chosen, four oak varieties – Quercus faginea (Portuguese oak), Quercus ilex (Holm oak), Quercus suber (Cork oak), Quercus afares (African oak) and two araucaria – Araucaria luxurians (Coast Araucaria) and Araucaria angustifolia (Paraná pine) will thrive in the slightly hotter temperatures, making them more resilient against projected temperature increases.
These exotics will also perform better than native species at the specific planting site close to the Wintergarden and band rotunda. Interestingly, araucaria is the same family as the kauri and has important heritage connections with several commemorative plantings which have performed well in the Domain, so an added heritage linkage. Once established, these new trees will benefit the Auckland Domain's ecosystem as exotic trees can serve as companion plants, providing shelter and support to native species. For example, the broad canopy of a well-placed exotic tree can create a microclimate that promotes the growth of understory native plants, enhancing overall biodiversity.
Council's approach to planting exotic species is guided by a deep respect for the unique biodiversity that makes up that of our city and country. Arborist advice to the Domain Committee recognises and reflects that the Auckland Domain is part of a larger ecosystem and that maintaining a balance between exotic and native species is crucial for its long-term health.
Heritage protection of the Auckland Domain and its governing framework, mean the chance to plant new specimen trees within Auckland’s oldest park is rare. Therefore, the thoughtful and responsible approach to enhance the park's ecological diversity and aesthetic appeal without harming native trees is welcomed.
By carefully selecting and managing exotic species, the Council can ensure that the Auckland Domain remains a vibrant and sustainable green space for generations to come. Other oak varieties already in the Domain are considered historically significant and in 100 years from now, these new exotic species will too. (Desley Simpson)
Chair of the Domain Committee and Deputy Mayor of Auckland
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Published: March 2024